Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) might sound intimidating, but the good news is that with the right treatment—hello, pelvic floor physical therapy!—it can be a totally manageable condition. Prolapse happens to a lot of women, and while it can be uncomfortable, it doesn’t have to take over your life. In this article we’ll dive into what prolapse is, what causes it, and how pelvic floor physical therapy can help you get back to feeling like yourself again.
What Is Prolapse?
Let’s break it down—what exactly is prolapse? Imagine your pelvic organs as books neatly arranged on a shelf, held in place by the sturdy support of your pelvic floor and connective tissues. But, if that support weakens (for various reasons we’ll discuss later), the books start to tip forward or backward, sliding out of their proper place. In the case of prolapse, one or more pelvic organs begin to shift downward, ending up somewhere they’re not meant to be—creating discomfort and other issues along the way.
One or More Pelvic Organs Can Press Into the Vaginal Wall and Create Prolapse
To break it down a little more scientifically, prolapse occurs when the muscles and connective tissues that hold your pelvic organs in place weaken or stretch. This can lead to organs like the bladder, uterus, or rectum pressing into the vaginal wall, causing discomfort and other symptoms. But don’t worry—pelvic floor PT can help reduce pressure and improve strength, giving your precious organs the support they deserve!
Common Types of Pelvic Organ Prolapse (POP)
There’s more than one type of prolapse, and while that might sound a little overwhelming, each one has its own quirks. The most common types include:
Cystocele (Bladder Prolapse): Your bladder presses backward into the front wall of the vagina.
Rectocele: When the rectum pushes against the back wall of the vagina.
Uterine Prolapse: The uterus moves downward into the vaginal canal, sometimes even protruding out of the vaginal opening.
Vaginal Vault Prolapse: This one can happen after a hysterectomy when the top of the vaginal wall sags or drops.
Each type of prolapse is unique, but pelvic floor physical therapy can target the muscles involved and reduce the symptoms associated with prolapse.
It Sounds Scary, But It Can Be a Totally Manageable Condition!
The idea of prolapse might sound alarming at first, but here’s the truth: it’s actually super common and manageable. Millions of women deal with it, and with the help of a pelvic floor physical therapist, you can totally take control of the situation. It’s all about knowing the signs and getting help when you need it!
About 1/3 of Women Will Experience Prolapse at Some Point in Their Lifetime*
If you’re thinking, “Why me?” you’re not alone. In fact, around one-third of women will experience some form of pelvic organ prolapse in their lifetime. Prolapse loves to show up after childbirth, around menopause, or anytime your pelvic muscles are under strain. The key is recognizing it early and taking steps to manage it before symptoms progress.
Risk Factors for Prolapse:
Pregnancy and Childbirth: Let’s face it—pregnancy and childbirth can be tough on your pelvic floor. Pushing a baby into the world sometimes stretches those muscles beyond what they’re used to.
Menopause: Ah, menopause. When your estrogen levels dip, your pelvic muscles can lose some of their strength, making prolapse more likely.
Chronic Strain: If you’re frequently coughing (due to asthma, allergies, or chronic conditions) or straining from heavy lifting or constipation, it can place extra pressure on your pelvic floor.
Obesity: Carrying extra weight (particularly in the abdominal area) can put added strain on the pelvic floor, increasing the chances of prolapse.
Genetics: Sometimes, you can thank your family tree for weaker connective tissue, making you more prone to prolapse.
Symptoms:
Prolapse symptoms can vary depending on the type and severity, but here are a few signs to keep an eye out for:
A feeling of pressure or heaviness in the pelvic area (as if something is about to fall out)
A noticeable bulge or lump in the vagina
Urinary leakage, especially when you laugh, sneeze, or cough (so inconvenient, right?)
Trouble with bowel movements or a constant urge to pee
Pain during sex or discomfort in your lower back
If any of these symptoms are starting to sound all too familiar, it might be time to get checked out!
Tips for Prolapse:
Once you’ve identified prolapse, there are plenty of ways to manage it and prevent things from getting worse. Here are a few handy tips to keep in mind:
Pelvic Floor Exercises Are Your BFF: You’ve probably heard of Kegels, but did you know they’re the cornerstone of strengthening your pelvic floor? These exercises help give your muscles the support they need to hold everything in place.
Stay Active, But Lift Smart: Regular exercise is great, but be careful when it comes to heavy lifting. Using proper form can save your pelvic floor from unnecessary strain.
Staying regular is key!: Drinking plenty of water and eating a high-fiber diet can help prevent constipation. Throw in a squatty potty and regular physical activity and you’re going to reduce the need for straining during bowel movements.
Maintain a Healthy Weight: Carrying around extra pounds adds pressure to your pelvic floor. By reaching a healthy weight, you’re doing your pelvic muscles a favor.
Consider a Vaginal Pessary: If your prolapse is more advanced, a pessary might be a great option. This small device sits inside the vagina and helps support the areas of prolapse. This is something you can discuss with your OB/GYN or midwife
Think You Might Have Prolapse? Get Evaluated by a Pelvic Floor Physical Therapist!
If you think you might be dealing with prolapse, don’t wait—get evaluated by a pelvic floor physical therapist. These specialists are experts in everything pelvic floor and can work with you to create a personalized plan to improve your symptoms.
Pelvic floor physical therapy is much more than just Kegels (though they’re important, too!). A PT will help you understand the specific muscles that need treatment, and they can use techniques like manual therapy to improve coordination and relaxation in your pelvic floor. It’s all about balance.
In the end, pelvic organ prolapse doesn’t have to control your life. With the help of a pelvic floor physical therapist, you can manage your symptoms, prevent further complications, and get back to enjoying your everyday activities. Whether you’re managing bladder control issues, discomfort during sex, or just want to feel better overall, PT can give you the tools you need to reclaim your body. Don’t wait—get evaluated, create a personalized plan, and take the first step towards feeling like yourself again!
Written by:
Dual Board-Certified Pelvic Floor Therapist and Owner of Bonneville Pelvic Health
As an expert in pelvic floor rehabilitation, Dr. Bailee Burningham brings extensive experience in treating complex pelvic floor disorders, including all types of pelvic organ prolapse. She is dedicated to providing compassionate, patient-centered care.
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